Material Cost(Metal)

Iron (Fe) : 20 Baht : kg

Aluminium (Al) : 70 Baht : kg

Stainless : 100 Baht : kg

Brass (Cu+Zn) : Green Brass 160 Baht : kg
Red Brass 180 Baht : kg (more Cu)

Copper(Cu) : 230 Baht : kg

*This data can be varied at most +,- 20 Baht/kg (research from a small industry.)

Ps. You can see these materials' pictures and details at Chai & Golf 's research.

Additional

Nyloc nuts (or lock nuts) -->Are a kind of nut that includes a ring of nylon inside the thread. They are designed to increase locking force and prevent the nut from coming loose. The internal nylon ring has no threads cut into it; it is forced to deform around the threads as the nut is twisted on, ensuring a tight grip on the thread. In most applications, this type of nut cannot be reused after being removed.
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Jam nut --> inserting smaller nut first then followed by bigger nut for being more fasten, This method is called 'Jam nut'.

Nut

Meaning --> Hardware fastener with a treaded hole.





They are usually be used opposite a bolt to fasten a stack of parts together.





The most common shape is hexagonal, for similar reasons as the bolt head.

Washer Set.

Washer set with real sizes and materials.

Tapping Screws & Drilling Screws.

Screw

For my research topic is just screws, but bolts are important to know, because it is concern in the system.

Differentiation between bolt and screw
A screw, by definition, is not a bolt. A bolt passes through a hole of larger diameter than its thread, and is held in place by a nut or similar device; it is not designed to be turned. What is often referred to as a bolt is in fact a 'cap screw', which is designed to be turned (or screwed). Cap screws may, or may not be used with nuts. The distinction is subtle, but significant in the design of the fastener. If threaded all the way to the back of the head a cap screw become a 'machine screw'.

Pic. showed kind of screws. There are 'cap screw' and 'machine screw' which I involved.

A Bolt set is showed real sizes and materials.

A screw set is showed real sizes and materials.

Ex.for making washer by yourself.

This is the example to make a washer from a penny coin. From the picture show that spent many penny coins for a copper washer, so why don't you just drill a penny coin for a washer!!.

Rubber washer under a sink.

to prevent leaking water

pic. Use as threaded fastener

meaning of washer

Washer - in this blog is not washching-machine, it is a thin plate (typically disk-shaped) with a hole (typically in the middle) that is normally used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener. Other uses are as a spacer,wear pad, preload indicating device, and locking device.It could be made of various materials. It usually made of metal because it is the most strength, to prevent the loss of pre-load. Another washer is rubber or fiber glass ever use in tap to stop the flow of liquid or gas. ** Usually washer have outer diameter about twice their inside diameter.